Knowledgebase

Introduction

Owncast is a self-hosted streaming application that lets you create your own platform and manage it with your own rules. Best known as an alternative to services like Twitch and YouTube, Owncast allows you to stream to thousands of viewers in multiple resolutions.

To live stream content to Owncast, you need to use supported streaming software such as Open Broadcasting Studio (OBS) offered by the Rcs Broadcaster application. Within OBS, you can set up a maximum output resolution, and configure Owncast to scale the resolution to offer multiple quality options to viewers.

In this article, you will use the Rcs Broadcaster application with Owncast to live stream content to a public audience through your domain name.

Prerequisites

Before you begin:

• Deploy a Rcs Broadcaster A16 Cloud GPU Instance from the Rcs Marketplace.

  When deployed, keep note of your set username and auto-generated password to access the application interface.

• Deploy a Debian 12 Rcs A16 Cloud GPU Instance.

  It’s recommended to deploy the Owncast server to a location close to your intended viewer audience. For example, if you are targeting viewers in New York, deploy a server in the Rcs New York location.

• Set up a new subdomain A record pointing to the Owncast Server.

  A domain is quick to access, unlike a Server IP Address. A subdomain record such as stream.example.com makes it easy for viewers to access your Owncast livestream.

• Optional: Set up a subdomain A record pointing to the Rcs Broadcaster Server.

  The record obs.example.com is used in this article, replace all occurrences with your domain name or Server IP.

• Optional: Add both servers to the same Rcs Virtual Private Cloud (VPC).

  Depending on your server locations, it’s recommended to use a VPC connection when streaming to Owncast. This is because local networks are faster than public networks like the Internet, a VPC connection is logically an adHoc connection between the two servers. Hence, viewers are able to receive 100% of the packets in real-time as sent from the Rcs Broadcaster server without any packet delays.

Configure Owncast

In this section, configure the Owncast server to broadcast content in 3 viewing qualities, Full HD 1080p, HD 720p, and Standard Quality (SD) 480p. This allows users to switch between viewing modes depending on their network quality. Additionally, configure the server to grant users access to Owncast through your domain name as described in the steps below.

1. Using SSH, access the Owncast server.

    $ ssh root@SERVER-IP

   To get your server details, visit your Rcs instance page to copy the auto-generated password for the root user.

2. Create a new bash script named stream.sh.

    # touch stream.sh

3. Using a text editor such as nano, edit the file.

    # nano stream.sh

4. Add the following configurations to the file.

    #!/bin/sh
   
    echo "This script will Install Caddy, Owncast on the server"
   
    curl -1sLf 'https://dl.cloudsmith.io/public/caddy/stable/gpg.key' | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/caddy-stable-archive-keyring.gpg
    curl -1sLf 'https://dl.cloudsmith.io/public/caddy/stable/debian.deb.txt' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/caddy-stable.list
   
    echo "Running a quick Update"
   
    apt update
   
    echo "Installing Caddy......"
   
    apt install caddy -y
   
    echo "Loading Owncast"
   
    curl -s https://owncast.online/install.sh | bash
   
    echo "Moving the Owncast directory to /opt!!!!!!"
   
    mv owncast /opt/
   
    echo "Setup the Systemd file"
   
    echo " [Unit]
   
    Description=Owncast Streaming Server
   
    [Service]
   
    Type=simple
   
    WorkingDirectory=/opt/owncast
   
    ExecStart=/opt/owncast/owncast
   
    Restart=on-failure
   
    RestartSec=5
   
    [Install]
   
    WantedBy=multi-user.target " > /etc/systemd/system/owncast.service
   
    echo "Reload Systemd Daemon"
   
    sudo systemctl daemon-reload
   
    echo " Enable Owncast"
   
    sudo systemctl enable owncast
   
    echo "Start Owncast"
   
    sudo systemctl start owncast
   
    echo "Configuring the Firewall!!!!"
   
    sudo ufw allow 1935 && sudo ufw allow 80/tcp && sudo ufw allow 443 /tcp
   
    echo "Restarting the Firewall"
   
    service caddy restart
   
    echo "#### Is Owncast running, verify if no error is returned ######"
   
    sudo systemctl status owncast | head 
   
    echo "######## All Done!!!!!!"

   Save and close the file.

   The above script installs the latest Owncast version on the server, installs the Caddy web server, and configures Owncast as a system service. Also, it opens the RTMP port 1935, HTTP, and HTTPS ports through the firewall to allow access to Owncast.

5. Run the script.

    # bash stream.sh

6. Verify that Owncast status to confirm that it’s successfully installed on the server.

    # service owncast status

7. Create a new user account. For example example-user.

    # adduser example-user

   Enter a strong password for the user, and press enter to accept all listed options.

8. Add the user to the sudoers group.

    # adduser example-user sudo

   The above command grants the user sudo privileges to perform tasks such as installation and configuration of application packages on the server.

9. Switch to the user account.

    # su example-user

10. Navigate to the Caddy webserver directory.

     $ cd /etc/caddy/

11. Back up the original Caddyfile configuration.

     $ mv Caddyfile Caddyfile.ORIG

12. Create a new Caddyfile configuration.

     $ nano Caddyfile

13. Add the following configurations to the file. Replace stream.example.com with your actual subdomain record.

     stream.example.com {
    
         reverse_proxy localhost:8080
    
     }

    Save and close the file.

    The above configuration file sets up a reverse proxy connection to the backend Owncast port 8080, and accepts connection requests through your domain name on port 80 for HTTP requests, and 443 for HTTPS.

14. Test the Caddy configuration for errors.

     # caddy validate

    Output:

     2023/07/28 01:17:07.378	INFO  using adjacent Caddyfile
    
     Valid configuration

15. Restart the Caddy web server to save changes.

     # service caddy restart

16. In a web browser such as Chrome, visit your Owncast administrator dashboard using the /admin path.

     https://stream.example.com/admin

    Log in using the default administator details below:

    USERNAME: admin

    PASSWORD: abc123

17. Within the Owncast Admin interface, click the Configuration dropdown on the main navigation menu, and select General from the list.

18. Enter your desired Owncast server name in the Name: field, and click Update.

19. Enter your full domain name URL in the Server URL: field, and click Update to save the URL.

20. In the About field, enter a brief tagline about your livestream server, and click Update to save the description.

    

21. Scroll to the Custom Page Content section, and enter a full description of your Livestream in markdown format. Click Save your about stream description.

22. Navigate to Server Setup on the Configuration dropdown list.

23. Enter a new strong password in the Admin Password: field, and click Update to save the new password.

24. Navigate to Stream Keys on the top navigation menu.

25. Click the Delete button to remove the default abc123 stream key.

    

26. Click the + Add button, and enter a new key such as MyRcs@123key, enter a comment to describe the key, and click the Add button to save the new stream key.

27. Navigate to Video.

28. In the Latency Buffer section, slide the select to Highest to enable high error tolerance and reduce buffers for viewers with moderate network connectivity.

29. In the Stream Output section, click the Add a new variant button.

30. Enter a new video quality identifier in the Name* field, for example, **Full HD.

31. Slide the CPU or GPU Utilization selector to highest.

    

32. Set the Video Bitrate to the highest quality sent by the Rcs Broadcaster server. For this article, set it to 6000 Kbps which translates to the 1080p 60fps stream quality.

33. Toggle the Advanced Settings setting, and keep the resolution fields empty to use the original resolution sent by the Rcs Broadcaster application.

34. Slide the Frame rate bar to your target frames per second. For this article, set it to 60 fps.

35. Click OK to save the new video quality.

36. Click the Delete icon to remove the default 1.2Mbps@24fps output quality.

    

37. Click Add a new variant, and set up a new video quality for 720p with a 3000 bitrate, set the utilization to highest, the resized width, height to 1280, 720 respectively, and the framerate to 30fps.

38. Click OK to save the new video quality.

39. Add a new variant for the 480p with a 2500 bitrate, set the framerate to 30fps, and click OK to save the quality.

40. Set any other additional options such as Chat Names and Notifications from the Configuration dropdown list.

41. When complete, your Owncast server is ready to start receiving livestream packets from the Rcs Broadcaster server.

To fully configure and secure your server using Nginx instead of Caddy, visit how to install and configure Owncast on a Ubuntu 20.04.

Set up Rcs Broadcaster

In this section, configure Rcs Broadcaster to send livestream packets to the Owncast server. If the two servers are connected in a VPC, 100% of the packets are successfully sent to the Owncast server, and over the internet, 99.9% of the packets are delivered to your viewers' audience. To set up Broadcaster, configure your output resolution, and sources as described in the steps below.

1. Using a web browser such as Chrome, access your Rcs Broadcaster application.

    http://obs.example.com

   When prompted, enter the username you set during deployment, and the auto-generated password for your account.

2. In the OBS Auto-configuration wizard, click Cancel to manually configure your streaming options.

3. Within the OBS Window, click the Settings button in the left bottom corner.

4. Click Stream in the Settings pop-up window.

5. Click the Service dropdown, and select Custom from the list of options.

6. In the Server field, enter the RTMP URL address displayed in your Owncast administrator dashboard. For example http://192.0.2.100:1935/live.

   

   If your Rcs Broadcaster and Owncast are connected in a single Rcs Virtual Private Cloud (VPC), use the Owncast VPC server Address instead. For example, rtmp://10.24.96.2:1935/live.

7. In the Stream Key field, enter the RTMP stream key displayed in your dashboard. For this article, MyRcs@123key.

8. Click Apply to save changes.

9. Navigate to Video, and set the Base (Canvas) Resolution, and Output (Scaled) Resolution to the same dimensions. For example 1920 * 1080 for FullHD at 1080p.

   

10. Set the Common FPS Values to your desired setting. For the best quality, select 60.

11. Click Apply to save changes.

12. Navigate to Output, and set the Video Bitrate value to a figure that matches your output resolution as below:

     | Resolution | FPS | Minimum Bitrate |
     | --- | --- | --- |
     | 1080p | 60  | 6000 |
     | 720p | 60  | 3000 |
     | 480p | 30  | 2500 |

13. When set, click Apply, then click OK to save and apply changes.

Test: Livestream to Owncast using Rcs Broadcaster

1. Within your Rcs Broadcaster OBS Window, click Start Streaming to start sending live stream data to the Owncast server.

    ![Start a Stream on Rcs Broadcaster](https://rcs.is/public/doc-assets/legacy/7891/PwHo8Xe.jpg)

2. Verify that the button changes to Stop Streaming, the live stream counter starts, and the connection is set to Green with a network speed counter.

3. Visit your Owncast domain as a viewer.

    https://stream.example.com

4. Verify that your Livestream displays successfully.

   

5. Click the Settings button on the live stream window, and verify that the viewing options FullHD, HD, and SD are available.

6. Share your Owncast stream with your potential viewers.

Optional: Protect your Owncast Livestreams

To protect your Owncast live streams from uninvited guests, set up usernames and passwords for allowed users as described in the following steps.

1. Access your Owncast Server SSH session.

2. Create a new hashed password using the Caddy hash-password utility.

    # caddy hash-password

   Enter your password, and repeat it to confirm that it matches. When complete, copy the generated hashed password to your clipboard.

3. Navigate to the Caddy web server directory.

    # cd /etc/caddy/

4. Back up a copy of the Caddyfile configuration.

    # cp Caddyfile Caddyfile.NEW

5. Edit the Caddyfile configuration.

    # nano Caddyfile

6. Add the following basic auth { section, after the reverse_proxy declaration.

    basicauth / {
   
        viewer1:<paste hashed password here>
   
     }

   Replace, viewer1 with your desired username, and paste the generated hashed password next to the user.

   Save and close the file.

7. Test the Caddy configuration for errors.

    # caddy validate

8. Restart Caddy to save changes.

    # service caddy restart

9. In your web browser, open a new Owncast livestream tab.

    https://stream.example.com

   Verify that you are prompted for a password. Enter the correct username and password as set in your Caddy configuration file.

Conclusion

In this article, you have used Rcs Broadcaster with Owncast to livestream content to your audience. Using the setup, you can live stream to a private or public group of viewers and implement a subscription plan for premium viewers to access your live streams through your domain name.

To finetune and record your Owncast live streams, you can attach a Rcs Object Storage volume to reduce the server load and record your live streams separately. For more information, visit the Owncast documentation.